EQUITY AND OBLIGATIONS

Obligations of low income countries in ensuring equity in global health financing

BACKGROUND Despite common recognition of joint responsibility for global health by all countries particularly to ensure justice in global health, current discussions of countries' obligations for global health largely ignore obligations of developing countries. This is especially the case with regards to obligations relating to health financing. Bearing in mind that it is not possible to achiev...

Co-national Obligations & Cosmopolitan Obligations towards Foreigners

On Obligations

Access control is concerned with granting access to sensitive data based on conditions that relate to the past or present, so-called provisions. Expressing requirements from the domain of data protection necessitates extending this notion with conditions that relate to the future. Obligations, in this sense, are concerned with commitments of the involved parties. At the moment of granting acces...

On Obligations and Abilities

In this paper, we combine deontic logic with Alternatingtime Temporal Logic (ATL) into a framework that makes it possible to model and reason about obligations and abilities of agents. The way both frameworks are combined is technically straightforward: we add deontic accessibility relations to ATL models (concurrent game structures), and deontic operators to the language of ATL (an additional ...

Permissions and Obligations

This article describes a formal semantics fo r the deontic concepts the concepts of permiss ion and ob l iga t ion — which arises naturally f r o m the representations used in artif icial intelligence systems Instead of treating deontic logic as a branch of modal logic, wi th the standard possible wor lds semantics, we f i rst develop a language for describing actions, and we define the concept...